The Trump administration is preparing to finalize an agreement this week to begin sending asylum seekers from the US border to Guatemala, implementing a deal the two countries reached in July, according to three people with knowledge of the plan.
The pact gives the Department of Homeland Security the ability to send asylum seekers to Guatemala if they do not seek protection there while transiting through the country en route to the US border.
It could mean that migrants from numerous countries will make the dangerous journey to the United States only to be sent back to Central America upon reaching US territory.
Homeland Security officials plan to start sending Hondurans and Salvadorans to Guatemala soon after the implementation of the deal, according to the three people, who spoke on the condition of anonymity because of the diplomatic sensitivity of the issue.
Guatemala’s highest court initially ruled that the asylum accord could not go forward without the approval of Guatemala’s legislature, but a subsequent decision left open the possibility that Jimmy Morales, the outgoing president, could implement the deal without lawmakers’ approval.
Mr Morales is due to leave office in January. Guatemala’s president-elect, Alejandro Giammattei, has criticised the deal, but Trump officials reiterated this month that the US will slash government assistance if Guatemala backs out.
Kevin McAleenan, who plans to step down as acting DHS secretary as soon as Thursday, has secured similar agreements with Honduras and El Salvador, but those deals have not been implemented.
He has said the agreements will be implemented gradually to avoid overwhelming Central American nations that until now have typically received few applications from those fleeing persecution.
Mr McAleenan has argued that vulnerable migrants should not have to travel all the way to the US to find safety and that the US immigration system has been overwhelmed in recent years amid a flood of applications from Central American economic migrants making humanitarian claims to avoid deportation.
The Trump administration has pledged at least $47m (£37m) to build up Guatemala’s asylum system with help from the UN High Commissioner for Refugees.
Donald Trump, the US president, suspended aid to Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador this spring amid a record surge of families from those nations travelling to the border in large groups and caravans.
He announced that he would restore some of the assistance this month after the three countries agreed to accept US asylum seekers.
“Guatemala, Honduras & El Salvador have all signed historic Asylum Cooperation Agreements and are working to end the scourge of human smuggling,” the president tweeted.
US authorities took nearly 1 million migrants into custody along the Mexico border during the 2019 fiscal year that ended on 30 September, the highest total since 2007.
Unauthorised border crossings peaked at more than 144,000 in May but have since declined by two thirds.
Migration from Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador has fallen by more than 80 percent, according to the latest statistics.
Two administration officials with knowledge of the Guatemala accord said Homeland Security probably would start sending some asylum seekers from Honduras and El Salvador back to Guatemala, beginning with single adults rather than families.
Mr Trump has referred to the asylum agreements and other new deterrent policies as a “beautiful puzzle” with the overarching goal of discouraging migrants from trying to reach the United States in the first place.
DHS officials also have been requiring asylum seekers to remain outside US territory while they await immigration court hearings under a programme – known as the Migrant Protection Protocols – that has sent more than 50,000 people back to Mexican border cities while their US claims are pending.
Another emergency measure gives US authorities the ability to disqualify and deport asylum seekers who decline to seek protection in other countries while en route to the US.
Both policies are being challenged in federal court, and a ruling on the protocols program in the US Court of Appeals for the 9th Circuit is expected soon. (https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/trump-asylum-seekers-guatemala-border-immigration-jimmy-morales-deal-a9175621.html)
